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高考小题答案,高考题的答案

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简介1.高考语文现代文阅读 要5道小题的那种 第一题是关于环境描写 第二问是关于画线语句含义的 第三位是概括2.2012北京高考英语试题及答案3.2009年山东英语高考完形填空题目及其答案!4.08年高考物理押轴题及答案5.2010年山东高考试题答案20.?(本题满分13分)本题共有2个?小题,第一个小题满分5分,第2个小题满分8分。已知数列?的前项和为?,且?,?(1)证明:?是等比数列;(2)求数

1.高考语文现代文阅读 要5道小题的那种 第一题是关于环境描写 第二问是关于画线语句含义的 第三位是概括

2.2012北京高考英语试题及答案

3.2009年山东英语高考完形填空题目及其答案!

4.08年高考物理押轴题及答案

5.2010年山东高考试题答案

高考小题答案,高考题的答案

20.?(本题满分13分)本题共有2个?小题,第一个小题满分5分,第2个小题满分8分。

已知数列?的前项和为?,且?,?

(1)证明:?是等比数列;

(2)求数列?的通项公式,并求出n为何值时,?取得最小值,并说明理由。

(2)?=?n=15取得最小值

解析:(1)?当n?1时,a114;当n≥2时,an?Sn?Sn?15an?5an?1?1,所以?,

又a1?115≠0,所以数列{an?1}是等比数列;

(2)?由(1)知:?,得?,从而?(n?N*);

解不等式Sn<Sn?1,得?,?,当n≥15时,数列{Sn}单调递增;

同理可得,当n≤15时,数列{Sn}单调递减;故当n?15时,Sn取得最小值.

详细见下图:

高考语文现代文阅读 要5道小题的那种 第一题是关于环境描写 第二问是关于画线语句含义的 第三位是概括

能把题目写一下吗?帮你看看

分析:(Ⅰ)设动点为M,其坐标为(x,y),求出直线A?、MA?M的斜率,并且求出它们的积,即可求出点M轨迹方程,根据圆、椭圆、双曲线的标准方程的形式,对m进行讨论,确定曲线的形状;(Ⅱ)由(I)知,当m=-1时,C1方程为x?+y?=a?,当m∈(-1,0)∪(0,+∞)时,C2的焦点分别为F1(-a √﹙1+m﹚,0),F2(a√﹙ 1+m﹚ ,0),假设在C1上存在点N(xο,yο)(yο≠0),使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a?,的充要条件为 ① xο?+yο?=a?

②﹙1/2﹚ 2a√﹙ 1+m﹚ |y0|=|m|a? ,求出点N的坐标,利用数量积和三角形面积公式可以求得tanF1NF2的值.

解答:解:(Ⅰ)设动点为M,其坐标为(x,y),

当x≠±a时,由条件可得kMA?kMA?=y/ ﹙x-a ﹚?y/﹙ x+a ﹚=m,

即mx?-y?=ma?(x≠±a),

又A?(-a,0),A?(a,0)的坐标满足mx?-y?=ma?.

当m<-1时,曲线C的方程为x? /a? +﹙y /-ma? ﹚ =1,C是焦点在y轴上的椭圆;

当m=-1时,曲线C的方程为x?+y?=a?,C是圆心在原点的圆;

当-1<m<0时,曲线C的方程为x? /a? +﹙y /-ma? ﹚ =1,C是焦点在x轴上的椭圆;

当m>0时,曲线C的方程为x? /a? +﹙y /-ma? ﹚ =1,C是焦点在x轴上的双曲线;

(Ⅱ)由(I)知,当m=-1时,C1方程为x?+y?=a?,

当m∈(-1,0)∪(0,+∞)时,C2的焦点分别为F1(-a√﹙1+m﹚ ,0),

F2(a √﹙1+m﹚,0),

对于给定的m∈(-1,0)∪(0,+∞),C1上存在点N(xο,yο)(yο≠0),使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a?,

的充要条件为 xο+yο=a?① (1/ 2)* 2a√﹙ 1+m﹚ |y0|=|m|a? ②

由①得0<|y0|≤a,由②得|y0|=|m|a√﹙ 1+m﹚ ,

当0<|m|a / √﹙ 1+m﹚≤a,即﹙1- √5﹚/ 2 ≤m<0,或0<m≤﹙1+ √5﹚/ 2 时,

存在点N,使S=|m|a?,

当|m|a / √﹙ 1+m﹚ >a,即-1<m<﹙1- √5﹚/ 2,或m>﹙1﹢√5﹚/ 2 时,不存在满足条件的点N.

当m∈[﹙1- √5﹚/ 2 ,0)∪(0,﹙1﹢√5﹚/ 2 ]时,由 NF1 =(-a √﹙ 1+m﹚ -x0,-y0), NF2 =(a√﹙ 1+m﹚ -x0,-y0),

可得 NF1 ? NF2 =xο?-(1+m)a?+yο?=-ma?.

令| NF1 |=r1,| NF2 |=r2,∠F1NF2=θ,

则由 NF1 ? NF2 =r1r2cosθ=-ma?,可得r1r2=-ma? cosθ ,

从而s=? r?r?sinθ=-ma?sinθ/ 2cosθ =-?ma?tanθ,于是由S=|m|a?,

可得-? ma?tanθ=|m|a?,即tanθ=-2|m|/ m ,

综上可得:当m∈[﹙1-√5﹚/ 2 ,0)时,在C1上存在点N,使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a?,且tanθ=2;

当m∈(0,﹙1﹢√5﹚/ 2 ]时,在C1上存在点N,使得△F1NF2的面积S=|m|a?,且tanθ=-2;

当(-1,﹙1-√5﹚/ 2 )∪(﹙1﹢√5﹚/ 2 ,+∞)时,不存在满足条件的点N.

2012北京高考英语试题及答案

2013年全国高考山东卷

(一)?阅读下面的文字,完成19—22题。

活着

余?华

我遇到那位名叫福贵的老人时,是夏天刚刚来到的季节。

那天午后,我走到了一棵有着茂盛树叶的树下,看到近旁田里一个老人和一头老牛。这位老人后来和我一起坐在了那棵茂盛的树下,在那个充满阳光的下午,他向我讲述了自己。

这辈子想起来也是很快就过来了,过得平平常常,我爹指望我光耀祖宗,他算是看错人了。我啊,年轻时靠着祖上留下的钱风光了一阵子,往后就越过越落魄了,可寿命长,我认识的人一个挨着一个死去,我还活着。

孙子死后第二年,我买牛的钱凑够了,看看自己还得活几年,我觉得牛还是要买的。牛是半个人,它能替我干活,闲下来时我也有个伴,心里闷了就和它说说话。牵着它去水边吃草,就跟拉着个孩子似的。

买牛那天,我把钱揣在怀里走着去新丰,那里是个很大的牛市场。路过邻近一个村庄时,看到晒场上转着一群人,走过去看看,就看到了这头牛,它趴在地上,歪着脑袋吧哒吧哒掉眼泪,旁边一个赤膊男人蹲在地上霍霍地磨着牛刀,围着的人在说牛刀从什么地方刺进去最好。我看到这头老牛哭得那么伤心,心里怪难受的。想想做牛真是可怜。累死累活替人干了一辈子,老了,力气小了,就要被人宰了吃掉。?

我不忍心看它被宰掉,便离开晒场继续往新丰去。走着走着心里总放不下这头牛,它知道自己要死了,脑袋底下都有一滩眼泪了。?

我越走心里越是定不下来,后来一想,干脆把它买下来。?

我赶紧往回走,走到晒场那里,他们已经绑住了牛脚,我挤上去对那个磨刀的男人说:?“行行好,把这头牛卖给我吧。”

赤膊男人手指试着刀锋,看了我好一会才问:“你说什么?”我说:“我要买这牛。”

他咧开嘴嘻嘻笑了,旁边的人也哄地笑起来,我知道他们都在笑我,我从怀里抽出钱放到他手里,说:“你数一数。”赤膊男人马上傻了,他把我看了又看,还搔搔脖子,问我:“你当真要买。”

我什么话也不去说,蹲下(禁止)子把牛脚上的绳子解了,站起来后拍拍牛的脑袋,这牛还真聪明,知道自己不死了,一下子站起来,也不掉眼泪了。我拉住缰绳对那个男人说:“你数数钱。”

那人把钱举到眼前像是看看有多厚,看完他说:“不数了,你拉走吧。”?

我便拉着牛走去,他们在后面乱哄哄地笑,我听到那个男人说:“今天合算,今天合算。”

牛是通人性的,我拉着它往回走时,它知道是我救了它的命,身体老往我身上靠,亲热得很,我对它说:“你呀,先别这么高兴,我拉你回去是要你干活,不是把你当爹来养着的。”

我拉着牛回到村里,村里人全围上来看热闹,他们都说我老糊涂了,买了这么一头老牛回来,有个人说:“福贵,我看它年纪比你爹还大。”

会看牛的告诉我,说它最多只能活两年三年的,我想两三年足够了,我自己恐怕还活不到这么久。谁知道我们都活到了今天,村里人又惊又奇,就是前两天,还有人说我们是“两个老不死”。

牛到了家,也是我家里的成员了,该给它取个名字,想来想去还是觉得叫它福贵好。定下来叫它福贵,我左看右看都觉得它像我,心里美滋滋的,后来村里人也开始说像,我嘿嘿笑。

福贵是好样的,有时候嘛,也要偷偷懒,可人也常常偷懒,就不要说是牛了。我知道什么时候该让它干活,什么时候该让它歇一歇。只要我累了,我知道它也累了,就让它歇一会,我歇得来精神了,那它也该干活了。

老人说着站了起来,拍拍屁股上的尘土,向池塘旁的老牛喊了一声,那牛就走到老人身旁低下了头,老人把犁扛到肩上,拉着牛的缰绳慢慢走去。

两个福贵的脚上都沾满了泥,走去时都微微晃动着身体。

老人和牛渐渐远去,我听到老人粗哑的令人感动的嗓音从远处传来,他的歌声在空旷的傍晚像风一样飘扬。炊烟在农舍的屋顶袅袅升起,在霞光四射的空中分散后消隐了。女人吆喝孩子的声音此起彼伏,一个男人挑着粪桶从我跟前走过,扁担吱呀吱呀一路响了过去。慢慢地,田野趋向了宁静,四周出现了模糊,霞光逐渐退去。

(节选自余华《活着》,有删改)

19.小说中老人与牛的形象有哪些相似之处?请结合文本作简要概括。(4分)

20.分析文中画线的两个句子的表现手法与表达效果。(4分)

(1)牵着它去水边吃草,就跟拉着个孩子似的。(2分)

(2)两个福贵的脚上都沾满了泥,走去时都微微晃动着身体。(2分)

21.请简要分析小说最后一段景物描写的作用。(4分)

22.结合文本,谈谈本文以“活着”为题目有什么好处。(6分)

参考答案:

2009年山东英语高考完形填空题目及其答案!

第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,共7.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话或独白你将听一遍。

例:What is the man going to read?

A. A newspaper

B. A magazine

C. A book

答案是A。

1. Who answered the phone?

A. Mike B. Henry C. Tom

2. What’s the woman’s favourite food?

A. Italian. B. Chinese. C. Indian

3. When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?

A. 5:18am. B.6:10am C.8:50am

4. What is the woman looking for?

A. Zoo B. Telephone C. Tennis court

5. What will the weather be like at the weekend?

A. Cloudy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny

第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)

听下面4段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。

6. Where are the two speakers?

A. In the hotel B In a shop C. In a restaurant

7. How much did the man pay in the end?

A. $115. B. $130 C. $140

听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。

8. What did the man do last weekend?

A. Watched TV. B. Stayed at home. C. Visited a friend

9. What will the woman probably do this weekend?

A. Play tennis. B. Do some shopping C. Go to a dance

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10. Where are the new houses?

A. On the main road. B. Close to a bus station. C. Near the sports center.

11. What does the woman like most about the new houses?

A. The garden. B. The space. C. The quietness

12. How does the man feel about the woman’s suggestion?

A. Delighted. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested.

听第9段材料,回答第13至15题。

13. What can’t the students do without a teacher?

A. Hold parties.

B. Complete the Safety Sheet.

C. Use any emergency equipment.

14. Why are the students asked to tie back their loose hour in the lab?

A. It may catch fire

B. It may cover their eyes.

C. It may pass chemicals to their faces.

15. What is the speech mainly about?

A. Laboratory regulations.

B. Safety instructions.

C. After-class activities.

第三节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,共7.5分)

听下面的一段对话,完成第16至20五道小题,每小题近填写一个词,听对话前,你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题,听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间,这段对话你将听两遍。

Telephone Cancellation Request Form

Account Name Edward 16

Telephone No. 17

Home Phone Plan Nonrefundable(不退款) 18 pre-paid plan

Reason for Cancellation 19 house

Cancellation Date Required 20 9, by 5:00 pm

第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)

第一节 单项填空(共15小题:每小题1分,共15分)

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例:It’s so nice to hear from her again ______, we last met more than thirty years ago.

A. What’s more B. That’s to say

C. In other words D. Believe it or not

答案是D。

21. —Look at those clouds!

—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.

A. Even if B.As though C. In case D. If only

22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.

A. gets B. has got C. will get D.is getting

23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.

A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting

24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.

A. why B. how C. that D. whether

25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.

A. wouldn’t B. didn’t C. hasn’t D. hadn’t

26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was,he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.

A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use

28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____.

A. some B. less C. much D. more

29. —Have you heard about that fire in the market?

— Yes, fortunately no one _____.

A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt

30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.

A. had developed B. was developing

C. would develop D. developed

31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.

A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock

33. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?

A. should face B. might face

C. could have faced D. must have faced

34. Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?

A. at B. on C. to D. across

35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.

A. is B. were C. has been D. had been

第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Inspiration

“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my __36__ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was __37__ to more, my interests in the world of dance __38__ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a __39__ in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a __40__; I became a member of the company __41__ back to 1925.

As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief __43__ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually __44__ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely __45__. I remember shaking with excitement.

Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of __46__. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to __47__ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme __48__ to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us __49__. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals __50__ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new __51__ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical __52__ were pushed much further than I thought __53__. I learned to make each performance better than the last.

Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great __54__ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a __55__ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.

36. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word

37. A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended

38. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently

39. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer

40. A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality

41. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking

42. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings

43. A. while B. since C. until D. when

44. A. Cared B. Expected C. Asked D. Decided

45. A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished

46. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures

47. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick

48. A. Attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation

49. A. apart B. aside C. off D. back

50. A. over B. by C. with D. beyond

51. A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage

52. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts

53. A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible

54. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility

55. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire

第三部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The Basics of Math—Made Clear

Basic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数) and beyond.

The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指数), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.

Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazing—and completely understandable—field of study.

By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.

Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America,” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary.

With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.

If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.

56. What does the course Basic Math mainly cover?

A. Algebra. B. College Mathematics.

C. Arithmetic. D. Mathematics Education.

57. What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?

A. Stronger imaginative ability.

B. Additional presentation skills.

C. More mathematical confidence.

D. Greater chances of becoming teachers.

58. What can we learn about Professor H. Siegel?

A. He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television.

B. He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.

C. He works in Georgia State University.

D. He specializes in training teachers.

59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?

A. A news report. B. A book review

C. A lesson plan. D. An advertisement

字数受限制了,

08年高考物理押轴题及答案

2009年山东英语高考完形填空(共20小题;每小题1,满分20分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)出可以填入空白的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. With each passing day everyone became more __36__, waiting for the final school bell. Upon its _37____everyone would run for their coats and go home, everyone except David

David was a small boy in ragged clothes. I had often _38___what kind of home life David had, and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so __39__ for the cold winter months, without a coat, boots, or gloves. But something made David __40__. I can still remember he was always __41____a smile and willing to help. He always __42__after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much. He__43___just simply smile and ask what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly__44___home

Weeks passed and the __45___over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of__46__before the holiday break. I smiled in ___47 __as the last of them hurried out the door. Turning around I saw David ___48___standing by my desk.

“I have something for you ”he said and ____49____from behind his back a small box .__50___it to me, he said anxiously, “Open it ”I took the box from him ,thanked him and slowly unwrapped it. I lifted the lid and to my __51__saw nothing. I looked at David‘s smiling face add back into the box and said,“The box is nice ,David ,but it’s__52__”

“Oh no it isn’t”said David.“It’s full of love. My mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn’t see or touch unless you know it’s there.”

Tears filled my eyes ___53___Iooked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given____54___to. After that Christmas, David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning ___55___the little empty box set on my desk

36. A. anxious B. courageous C. serious D. cautious

37. A. warning B. ringing C. calling D. yelling

37. A. scolded B. wondered C. realized D. learned

39. A. modestly B. naturally C. inaccurately D. inappropriately

40. A. popular B. upset C. special D. funny

41. A. expressing B. delivering C. wearing D. sharing

42. A. practised B. wandered C. studied D. stayed

43. A. would B. should C. might D. could

44. A. aim at B. turn to C. put off D. head for

45. A. argument B. excitement C. movement D. judgment

46. A. school B. year C. education D. program

47. A. relief B. return C. vain D. control

48. A. weakly B. sadly C. quietly D. helplessly

49. A. searched B. found C. raised D. pulled

50. A. Holding B. Handing C. Sending D. Leaving

51. A. delight B. expectation C. appreciation D. surprise

52. A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper

53. A. as B. until C. because D. though

54. A. advice B. support C. attention D. command

55. A. from B. behind C. over D. towards

完形填空答案:

36-40 A B B D C 41-45 C D A D B 46-50 A A C D B

51-55 D B A C B

2010年山东高考试题答案

2008年(全国卷Ⅱ)理综(物理部分)解析

二、选择题(本题共8 小题。在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得6 分,选对但不全的得3 分,有选错的得0 分)

14.对一定量的气体,下列说法正确的是

A.气体的体积是所有气体分子的体积之和

B.气体分子的热运动越剧烈,气体温度就越高

C.气体对器壁的压强是由大量气体分子对器壁不断碰撞而产生的

D.当气体膨胀时,气体分子之间的势能减小,因而气体的内能减少

答案BC

15.一束单色光斜射到厚平板玻璃的一个表面上,经两次折射后从玻璃板另一个表面射出,出射光线相对于入射光线侧移了一段距离。在下列情况下,出射光线侧移距离最大的是

A.红光以30o的入射角入射

B.红光以45o的入射角入射

C.紫光以30o的入射角入射

D.紫光以45o的入射角入射

答案D

16.如图,一固定斜面上两个质量相同的小物块A和B紧挨着匀速下滑,A与B 的接触面光滑。已知A与斜面之间的动摩擦因数是B与斜面之间动摩擦因数的2 倍,斜面倾角为 。B与斜面之间的动摩擦因数是

A. B. C. D.

答案A

17.一列简谐横波沿x 轴正方向传播,振幅为A。 时,平衡位置在 处的质元位于 处,且向y轴负方向运动;此时,平衡位置在 处的质元位于 处。该波的波长可能等于

A. 0.60 m B.0.20m C.0.12m D.0.086m

答案AC

18.如图,一很长的、不可伸长的柔软轻绳跨过光滑定滑轮,绳两端各系一小球a和b。a球质量为m ,静置于地面;b球质量为3m , 用手托住,高度为h ,此时轻绳刚好拉紧。从静止开始释放b后,a可能达到的最大高度为

A.h B.1.5h

C.2h D.2.5h

答案B

19.一平行板电容器的两个极板水平放置,两极板间有一带电量不变的小油滴,油滴在极板间运动时所受空气阻力的大小与其速率成正比。若两极板间电压为零,经一段时间后,油滴以速率v匀速下降;若两极板间的电压为U ,经一段时间后,油滴以速率v匀速上升。若两极板间电压为-U,油滴做匀速运动时速度的大小、方向将是

A.2v、向下 B.2v、向上 C. 3v 、向下 D.3v、向上

答案C

20.中子和质子结合成氘核时,质量亏损为 ,相应的能量 是氘核的结合能。下列说法正确的是

A.用能量小于2.2MeV 的光子照射静止氘核时,氘核不能分解为一个质子和一个中子

B.用能量等于2.2MeV 的光子照射静止氘核时,氘核可能分解为一个质子和一个中子,它们的动能之和为零

C.用能量大于2.2MeV的光子照射静止氘核时,氘核可能分解为一个质子和一个中子,它们的动能之和为零

D.用能量大于2.2 Mev的光子照射静止氘核时,氘核可能分解为一个质了和一个中子,它们的动能之和不为零

答案AD

21.如图,一个边长为l的正方形虚线框内有垂直于纸面向里的匀强磁场;一个边长也为l的正方形导线框所在平面与磁场方向垂直;虚线框对角线ab与导线框的一条边垂直,ba的延长线平分导线框。在t=0时,使导线框从图示位置开始以恒定速度沿ab方向移动,直到整个导线框离开磁场区域。以i表示导线框中感应电流的强度,取逆时针方向为正。下列表示i-t关系的图示中,可能正确的是

答案C

22.(18分)

(1)(5分)某同学用螺旋测微器测量一铜丝的直径,测微器的示数如图所示,该铜丝的直径为 mm。

答案4.953

(2)(13分)右图为一电学实验的实物连线图。该实验可用来测量待测电阻Rx的阻值(约500Ω)。图中两个电压表量程相同,内阻都很大。实验步骤如下:

① 调节电阻箱,使它的阻值R0与待测电阻的阻值接近;将滑动变阻器的滑动头调到最右端。

② 合上开关S。

③ 将滑动变阻器的滑动头向左端滑动,使两个电压表指针都有明显偏转。

④ 记下两个电压表 和 的读数U1和U2。

⑤ 多次改变滑动变阻器滑动头的位置,记下 和 的多组读数U1和U2。

⑥ 求Rx的平均值。

回答下列问题:

(Ⅰ)根据实物连线图在虚线框内画出实验的电路原理图,其中电阻箱的符号为 ,滑动变阻器的符号为 ,其余器材用通用的符号表示。

(Ⅱ)不计电压表内阻的影响,用U1、U2和R0表示Rx的公式为Rx= 。

(Ⅲ)考虑电压表内阻的影响,用U1、U2、R0、 的内阻r1、 的内阻r2式表示Rx的公式为Rx= 。

答案(Ⅰ) (Ⅱ)

(Ⅲ)

23.(15分) 如图,一质量为M 的物块静止在桌面边缘,桌面离水平地面的高度为h。一质量为m的子弹以水平速度v0射入物块后,以水平速度v0/2射出。重力加速度为g。求

(1)此过程中系统损失的机械能;

(2)此后物块落地点离桌面边缘的水平距离。

答案(1) ;(2)

解析(1)设子弹穿过物块后物块的速度为V,由动量守恒得

解得 ②

系统的机械能损失为 ③

由②③式得 ④

(2)设物块下落到地面所需时间为t,落地点距桌面边缘的水平距离为s,则

由②⑤⑥式得 ⑦

24.(19分)如图,一直导体棒质量为m 、长为l、电阻为r,其两端放在位于水平面内间距也为l的光滑平行导轨上,并与之密接;棒左侧两导轨之间连接一可控制的负载电阻(图中未画出);导轨置于匀强磁场中,磁场的磁感应强度大小为B,方向垂直于导轨所在平面。开始时,给导体棒一个平行于导轨的初速度v0。在棒的运动速度由v0减小至v1的过程中,通过控制负载电阻的阻值使棒中的电流强度I保持恒定。导体棒一直在磁场中运动。若不计导轨电阻,求此过程中导体棒上感应电动势的平均值和负载电阻上消耗的平均功率。

答案 ;

解析导体棒所受的安培力为: ①

该力大小不变,棒做匀减速运动,因此在棒的速度从v0减小到v1的过程中,平均速度为: ②

当棒的速度为v时,感应电动势的大小为 ③

棒中的平均感应电动势为 ④

由②④式得 ⑤

导体棒中消耗的热功率为 ⑥

负载电阻上消耗的平均功率为 ⑦

由⑤⑥⑦式得

25.(20分)我国发射的“嫦娥一号”探月卫星沿近似于圆形的轨道绕月飞行。为了获得月球表面全貌的信息,让卫星轨道平面缓慢变化。卫星将获得的信息持续用微波信号发回地球。设地球和月球的质量分别为M和m,地球和月球的半径分别为R 和R1,月球绕地球的轨道半径和卫星绕月球的轨道半径分别为r和r1,月球绕地球转动的周期为T。假定在卫星绕月运行的一个周期内卫星轨道平面与地月连心线共面,求在该周期内卫星发射的微波信号因月球遮挡而不能到达地球的时间(用M、m 、R 、R1、r、r1和T 表示,忽略月球绕地球转动对遮挡时间的影响)。

解析如图,O和 分别表示地球和月球的中心。在卫星轨道平面上,A 是地月连心线 与地月球面的公切线ACD的交点,D 、C 和B分别是该公切线与地球表面、月球表面和卫星圆轨道的交点。根据对称性,过A 点在另一侧作地月球面的公切线,交卫星轨道于E 点。卫星在BE弧上运动时发出的信号被遮挡。

设探月卫星的质量为m0,万有引力常量为G,根据万有引力定律有

式中,T1是探月卫星绕月球转动的周期。由①②式得

设卫星的微波信号被遮挡的时间为t ,则由于卫星绕月做匀速圆周运动,应有

式中, 。由几何关系得

由③④⑤⑥式得

2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷语文参考答案)

一、(15分,每小题3分)

1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A

二、6.A 7B 8. B

三、9. D 10. B 11B 12. C

四、(24分)

13.(1)申甫进入(隐居)嵩山,又遇到了过去小孩子时见到的道人,(向他)请求(学习)那本领,用对待师长的礼节侍奉他。(2)申甫屡次凭借他的本领干谒各位公卿,一直不被听从信任。(3)在这时掌权的权贵争着责怪申甫,并且批评刘公、金公不能识别人(的优劣)。

14.托物言志、象征。怀才不遇的悲伤。

15.补写出下列名篇名句中空缺部分。(任选2个小题)(6分)

(1)风急天高猿啸哀,渚清沙白鸟飞回。(杜甫《登高》)

外无期功强近之亲,内无应门五尺之僮,茕茕独(孑)立_,形影相吊。(李密《陈情表》)

(2)会挽雕弓如满月,西北望,射天狼。(苏轼《江城子?密州出猎》)

是 故无贵无贱,无长无少,道之所存,师之所存也。(韩愈《师说》)

(3)仰之弥高,钻之弥坚;瞻之在前,忽焉在后。(《论语?子罕》)

斜阳草树,寻常巷陌,人道寄奴曾住。(辛弃疾《永遇乐?京口北固亭怀古》)

(4)逃之夭夭,灼灼其华。之子于归,宜其室家。(《诗经?桃夭》)

同是天涯沦落人,相逢何必曾相识!(白居易《琵琶行》)

五、(12分)

16.

参考答案菊花是栽培历史悠久的人工养殖观赏花卉,依据花序、花期、花瓣分为多种类型,可供食用药用,是高雅不屈的象征。

17.参考答案在失意时,书是良师,读书使颓废的生活日渐昂扬。在得意时,书是诤友,读书使浮躁的心境平淡如水。

18.参考答案②“薄酬”改为“稿酬”;④“敬启”改为“收”(另外①语序不妥,最好应为:观点鲜明,逻辑清楚,格式正确,不超过8000字。)

六、

19.口语化、善用短句,对比。应举例分析。

20.通过年龄、身体状况、相貌、个头,写刘四爷的虎相,照应上文对刘四爷性格为人的描写,引出“虎妞”和祥子,为下文刘四爷对待祥子的态度作了铺垫和对比,为后来祥子做女婿作了铺垫。

21.有追求,有理想;勤劳本分;保持本色,真诚自然;讲究干净;脾气好,受人言语。

22.祥子。写刘四爷是为了引出祥子,侧面详写了祥子的性格。

(二)

19.

(1)表明小女孩生命危急,时间紧迫,(2)清晰显现出援救进展;(3)表明人们援救行动之快,体现人们的仁慈的爱心;(3)给读者以时间紧迫的阅读感受。

20. “你们”指帮助获得青霉素的博士、记者和警察们,进行电话寻找,协调各个部门,迅速找到青霉素,快速运到医院,这是医生做不到的。K]

21将青霉素称为“仁慈的东西”,应为它能救小女孩的性命;将车称为“仁慈之车”因为它快速运来了药物,体现了作者对小女孩即将得救的喜悦,对人们的爱心的赞颂。

22.解答提示(1)对生命的尊重,(2)世间有大爱,(3)在战争的年代对人性、爱的关注与渴盼。注意注释的作用。

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